Intelligent Design
|
or perhaps the intelligent designer is a cosmic prankster
who designed everything to make it look as though it had
evolved. (Jerry
Coyne)
Origin of Evolution
·
You
can hardly speak of Intelligent Design or Creationism without discussing
Evolution.
·
We find the first idea of EVOLUTION written in
the scriptures of Genesis, the very first book of the Bible where Satan speaks
to Eve in the Garden of Eden and he questions what God had told her
concerning eating the forbidden fruit and dying.
·
The First words out of his mouth was to
cause Eve to QUESTION God’s word
which released DOUBT.
·
The Second thing he said was that she
would not die – He called God a liar.
·
The Third thing he told her was that if
she ate the forbidden fruit that she would EVOLVE
and become as the gods. – HE LIED
and even today some religious denominations have imbedded in their
official doctrine that you too can become a god.
·
Catholic doctrine teaches that someday you
get to be god. – Look it up; it’s there.
·
New Age Movement teaches the very same
thing; “you too can become a god. – NYOBS 07.38 – ESCHATOLOGY;
NEW AGE MOVEMENT
·
Mormon doctrine teaches that you can evolve
into a god and if you are a good Mormon wife, you get to be eternally pregnant
in heaven having spiritual babies.
Genesis 3:1-5 – You will be like the gods.
1 Now the serpent was more subtle than any beast of
the field which the LORD God had
made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of
every tree of the garden?
2 And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden:
3 But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die.
4 And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die:
5 For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil. (KJV)
2 And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden:
3 But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die.
4 And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die:
5 For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil. (KJV)
Intelligent Design vs;
Creationism
·
Intelligent design
avoids identifying or naming the intelligent
designer. - It merely states that one or
more designers must exist.
·
Creationism says
not only was Jehovah God the designer, but that His Son Jesus Christ was
present at the creation and was the one who did the creating.
Hebrews 1:10 – The Heavens
are the works of God’s hands
10 And, Thou, Lord, in the beginning hast laid the foundation of the earth; and the heavens are the works of thine hands: (KJV)
10 And, Thou, Lord, in the beginning hast laid the foundation of the earth; and the heavens are the works of thine hands: (KJV)
John 1:1-4 – Jesus was with God at the Creation
1 In the beginning was the Word (Jesus), and the Word (Jesus), was with God, and the Word (Jesus),), was God.
2 He (Jesus), was with God in the beginning.
3 Through Him (Jesus), all things were made; without Him (Jesus), nothing was made that has been made.
4 In Him (Jesus), was life, and that life was the light of all mankind. (NIV2011)
1 In the beginning was the Word (Jesus), and the Word (Jesus), was with God, and the Word (Jesus),), was God.
2 He (Jesus), was with God in the beginning.
3 Through Him (Jesus), all things were made; without Him (Jesus), nothing was made that has been made.
4 In Him (Jesus), was life, and that life was the light of all mankind. (NIV2011)
Colossians 1:16 - All things were created by Jesus
16 For in Him (Jesus) all things were created: things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or powers or rulers or authorities; all things have been created through Him (Jesus) and for Him (Jesus). (NIV2011)
16 For in Him (Jesus) all things were created: things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or powers or rulers or authorities; all things have been created through Him (Jesus) and for Him (Jesus). (NIV2011)
World View
·
There are Two World Views
1. Humanist World View – Man is God – The Big
Bang Theory - Evolution is taught as if it was a TRUE Fact. – This is
the belief that life came from the effects of rain water on a rock – Evolution
is actually a belief system; it’s a Religion; you have to believe it by
Faith because there is no proof.
2.
Creationist World View is the belief that the heavens and the earth and
all of life came from the effects that were brought about by Intelligent
Design. - God is the Creator of the world and it was all completed at the
same time; it did not evolve. – Creationism is based on Bible Truths. It is a Religion; you must believe in by
Faith.
·
Both views require FAITH to believe as you can see.
·
Depending on your world
view,
one guy will look at the Grand Canyon and say; look what has taken place due to
erosion over millions and millions of years; and another guy will say; look
what happened when we had the great flood of Noah. – QUESTION; Did the erosion
take place with a little water over a long period of time, or a lot
of water in a short period of time?
·
There will be people that
doubt
Intelligent Design or creationism with the world view that everything
has clearly been as it always was. Scripture calls them scoffers that are willingly
ignorant.
·
There will be a BIG BANG at the return of Christ and
it’s not just a theory, it’s a fact.
2 Peter 3:3-4 - Everything
goes on as it has since the beginning 3 Above all, you must understand that
in the last days scoffers will come, scoffing and following their own
evil desires.
4 They will say, “Where is this ‘coming’ he promised? Ever since our ancestors died, everything goes on as it has since the beginning of creation.” (NIV2011)
4 They will say, “Where is this ‘coming’ he promised? Ever since our ancestors died, everything goes on as it has since the beginning of creation.” (NIV2011)
2 Peter 3:5 - They are
willingly are ignorant
5 For this they willingly are ignorant of, that by the word of God the heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of the water and in the water: (KJV)
5 For this they willingly are ignorant of, that by the word of God the heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of the water and in the water: (KJV)
Genesis 1:1 – Simply stated – God is the Creator
1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. (NIV2011)
1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. (NIV2011)
Exodus 20:11 - God created it all in six days and
rested
11 For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested on the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy. (NIV2011)
11 For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested on the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy. (NIV2011)
Psalm 33:9 – God spoke and it was done
9 For he spoke, and it came to be; he commanded, and it stood firm. (NIV2011)
9 For he spoke, and it came to be; he commanded, and it stood firm. (NIV2011)
Genesis 2:1 – The Creation was FINISHED – it did
not evolve
1 Thus the heavens and the earth were completed (finished) in all their vast array. (NIV2011)
1 Thus the heavens and the earth were completed (finished) in all their vast array. (NIV2011)
2 Peter 3:3-7 – God created the earth - Sent the
flood
3 Above all, you must understand that in the last days scoffers will come, scoffing and following their own evil desires. They will say,
4 “Where is this ‘coming’ he promised? Ever since our ancestors died, everything goes on as it has since the beginning of creation.”
5 But they deliberately forget that long ago by God’s word the heavens came into being and the earth was formed out of water and by water.
6 By these waters also the world of that time was deluged and destroyed.
7 By the same word the present heavens and earth are reserved for fire, being kept for the Day of Judgment and destruction of the ungodly. (NIV2011)
3 Above all, you must understand that in the last days scoffers will come, scoffing and following their own evil desires. They will say,
4 “Where is this ‘coming’ he promised? Ever since our ancestors died, everything goes on as it has since the beginning of creation.”
5 But they deliberately forget that long ago by God’s word the heavens came into being and the earth was formed out of water and by water.
6 By these waters also the world of that time was deluged and destroyed.
7 By the same word the present heavens and earth are reserved for fire, being kept for the Day of Judgment and destruction of the ungodly. (NIV2011)
2 Peter 3:10 - The Big
Bang will happen on the Day of the Lord
10 But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night; in the which the heavens shall pass away with a great noise, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat, the earth also and the works that are therein shall be burned up. (KJV)
10 But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night; in the which the heavens shall pass away with a great noise, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat, the earth also and the works that are therein shall be burned up. (KJV)
Evolution
·
Nothing and Nothing bumped into each other
and BAM they produced something.
·
Spontaneous Generation – We are taught that some
4 billion years ago, over time NON-LIVING material became alive and these
self-replicating cells emerged from an organic soup.
·
This happy combination of chemicals got struck by lighting and began to evolve until
it became a man then it all happened all over again and it produced a woman,
and somehow the two of them found each other in the millions of miles of pond
scum and then had babies.
·
Evolution never happened in a laboratory on in
nature or in a fossil record; it only happens in your imagination. – There
has been no proof submitted that has not been refuted because of conflicting
findings and variables; much written has been proven to be just
outright exaggerations of the mind.
·
People
want to believe in evolution because they don’t want to believe in God.
·
Monkeys and Man are similar and point to
a Common Designer not a Common Ancestor.
·
The Missing Link - No creature that has ever
existed, has ever been found, that linked the ape to man. – Not one – None – Zero
- Zip – Nada
·
Varieties of species is not evolution; they
are just different kinds of the SAME thing.
·
Mutations do not produce anything
new; just more or less than what you already have. You might get a turtle with two heads, but
not one with wings.
·
Survival of the fittest does not produce or
change life in any way, it just preserves the life of those in a certain
environment.
·
Natural selection does not produce anything
new or change it in anyway, it just preserves what is already there. – If it
starts out as a dog, it stays according to its kind; a dog.
·
Every living thing brings forth after its
own kind.
Genesis 1:24 – Every
living thing brings forth after its own kind
24 Then God said, "Let the earth bring forth the living creature according to its kind: cattle and creeping thing and beast of the earth, each according to its kind"; and it was so. (NKJV)
24 Then God said, "Let the earth bring forth the living creature according to its kind: cattle and creeping thing and beast of the earth, each according to its kind"; and it was so. (NKJV)
Let us reason
together
·
If you have a computer would you think it came
from an explosion that occurred in a parts factory in China, or was it
creatively designed by someone?
·
If you found a watch laying on the street,
would you think it is there because over time all the gears and parts evolved
into a specific order; or would you think someone created it.
·
A Clock - How many parts do you
need in a clock to make it run? - Can you
have just 10% and make it run? - How about when it evolves to 90% of the parts?
– No, you need all of them to make it run or it’s not a clock; it cannot
evolve.
·
A Mousetrap
consists of several interacting pieces—the base, the catch, the spring and the
hammer; all of which must be in place for the mousetrap to work,
anything less and it’s not a mousetrap.
·
Irreducible Complexity
is a single system which is composed of several well-matched interacting parts
that contribute to the basic function, wherein the removal of any one of the
parts causes the system to effectively cease functioning.
·
The necessary parts
of a system have always been necessary and therefore could not have been
added sequentially. - Evolution often proceeds by altering pre-existing
parts or by removing them from a system, rather than by adding them.
·
Are the faces of the
Presidents
on Mount Rushmore caused by erosion and evolution or of creative design? –
Creative Design of course.
·
MAN is A thousand times more
complex than that of any rock. Why
would you reject Intelligent Design and believe that he is the product
of the Evolution of pond scum that accumulated from rain water that fell
on a rock?
Isaiah 1:18 - Come now, and let us reason together
18 "Come now, and let us reason together," Says the LORD, "Though your sins are like scarlet, They shall be as white as snow; Though they are red like crimson, They shall be as wool. (NKJV)
18 "Come now, and let us reason together," Says the LORD, "Though your sins are like scarlet, They shall be as white as snow; Though they are red like crimson, They shall be as wool. (NKJV)
Creationism
·
When was the Beginning? – The Bible say the
beginning was when God created the man and the woman and if you add up the ages
in the genealogy listed in the scriptures you can see clearly that the earth
was created approximately 6,000 years ago, not billions and billions of years
ago.
·
This same time line shows that 4,400 years
ago there was a big flood that destroyed the whole world and 2,000 years ago
Christ came into the world.
·
Catastrophism – Is the belief that in
the beginning the world was made perfect. – Then the earth became entirely
covered by water.
·
The Assyrians, Babylonians, Samarians,
and Greeks all documented and taught that there was a great flood
that covered the earth. - This was hundreds of years before the time of Jesus
and the Christian era. – None of them knew that the other was documenting this
great calamity that would later be documented in our Bible.
·
In the beginning people lived hundreds of
years. - Adam lived so long that he knew Noah’s daddy. - NYOBS 17.10 – NOAH’S ARK
·
After the flood Noah’s son Shem lived long enough that he
could have known Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. - So you can see how the information
in our Bible could have been passed down so accurately.
Genesis 1:27 – The
beginning was when God created man
27 So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. (KJV)
27 So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. (KJV)
Romans 5:12 – Nothing died till Adam sinned
12 Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, and in this way death came to all people, because all sinned—
12 Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, and in this way death came to all people, because all sinned—
(NIV2011)
1 Corinthians 15:21-22 – Death came through Adam
21 For since death came through a man, the resurrection of the dead comes also through a man.
22 For as in Adam all die, so in Christ all will be made alive.
21 For since death came through a man, the resurrection of the dead comes also through a man.
22 For as in Adam all die, so in Christ all will be made alive.
(NIV2011).
How
long ago
·
Six Days - According to the Bible,
the Heavens, Earth and everything in it was made in six days; that would be
about 6,000 years ago now.
·
Six Thousand years - Scripture says that a
day is like a thousand years to the Lord and a thousand years is like a day, so
that would make the six day creation occur over a period of 6000 years plus
it’s been 6,000 years; so the earth may be 12,000 years old.
·
Circular References - Much of the dating
refers to the “Geologic Column” where things are found in a certain
order in the earth layers which then refers back to a the dating process that
refers back to the Geologic Column – back and forth; dependent on each other
for proof; creating a circular reference. ( NOTE: The
Geologic Column only exist in test books; nowhere else)
·
The GAP THEORY - If you can accept that
there was a flood that occurred before Noah and there was life on earth before
the creation story found in Genesis, then it could be many more thousands of
years old. - NYOBS 02.21 LUCIFER’S FLOOD
- NYOBS 17.16 THE FLOOD BEFORE NOAH
·
Embracing the Gap Theory does not affect or change
the position of the creationist who embraces Intelligent Design – However it may help the evolutionist
theory somewhat.
·
Interestingly “carbon dating”, “Uranium
235”, “Radioisotopes” and “Cobalt 60”dating have much documentation showing
that there are many flaws and variables “within the same
measurement taken” which most often renders their results meaningless. – There
is an instance where a fish that had just died was carbon dated to be
4,000 years old. – A tree fossil was found extending the entire length of the
“Geologic Column” and the roots of the tree were dated millions of years older
that the branches at the top of the tree.
Genesis 2:2 – God made the
earth in SIX days – rested seventh
2 By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work. (NIV2011)
2 By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work. (NIV2011)
2 Peter 3:8 – One day is like a thousand years to God
8 But, beloved, be not
ignorant of this one thing, that one day is with the Lord as a thousand
years, and a thousand years as one day.
(NIV)
Ps 90:4 – A thousand years is only yesterday.
4 For a thousand years
in thy sight are but as yesterday when it is past, and as a watch in the
night
(NIV)
Genesis 1:1-2 – The earth BECAME without form and
void.
1 In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.
2 And the earth was (became) without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters. (KJV)
1 In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.
2 And the earth was (became) without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters. (KJV)
Origin of the Species
·
There has not been
anything
that has happened in mankind that destroys the faith in God as has the theory
of evolution, therefore it must not go un-challenged.
·
The Evolutionist believe that the Bat, the horse,
the dog and man all have the same bony structure of the forearm, therefore it
is proof that they had a common ancestor.
·
The Creationist believe that they all just had a common
architect.
·
It
has NEVER been demonstrated that life can be spontaneously brought into
existence… It has never happened; not once, let alone repeated. – NOT ONCE.
·
Theory is speculations -
Educated guess works – We believe – We think – It is assumed –Evolution takes
place only in the imagination, it’s NOT PROVEN although it is accepted as if it
is pure science.
·
Science come from the word “skio” which means; “that about
which we know”; “no question” – “something that which we can
prove and re-prove”.
·
Time does not bring order, but
brings disorder – Time brings decay – There is a downward progression, not
upward – The world is spinning slower every year; not faster.
·
Charles Darwin ADMITS – “There are two
to three million species on earth sufficient for observation; but it must be
said today that in spite of all the evidence by trained observers, not one
change of species from one to another has ever been recorded”.
·
It takes less faith to believe in the Creation
Model or Intelligent Design than it does the Evolution Model proclaiming that
we came from rainwater on a rock that made pond scum that lightning struck which
evolved into boys and girls.
·
Science means knowledge (observation or
experimentation) – Knowing and Believing are two different things.
·
Just because the majority of
smart people BELIEVE IT does not make it true. – You might recall that the vast
majority once believed that the earth was flat; not round.
·
There have been no observations or
experimentation that prove that the earth is billions and billions of years
old. The age of the earth is not
something that you can know, it’s something that you must believe by
FAITH; not by science.
Subterfuge
·
If we can take God out of
the picture
and pre-suppose that man is just a chance product of evolution, then
life has very little value. – A living being is nothing but pond scum; even the
Bible says that we are made from dirt.
·
Satan’s desire is to irradiate man from
the face of the earth because he is made in the image of God. - Over a quarter
of the population has now been murdered through abortions.
·
Pro-Choice – Doesn’t
a woman have rights over her own body? – Can she not choose to abort a baby
while it’s still in the womb if she wants to?
·
Why is Pro-Choice limited to just while the child
is still in the womb? Why not extend it
till the child reaches the terrible two’s or how about murder him when
he reaches those hard teenage years that drives you so crazy?
·
Why do we call it
Pro-Choice;
why don’t we call it PRO-DEATH,
that’s what it is. - Satan is the author of death and desires that nobody makes
it out of here alive. – Ponder that statement. - NYOBS 20.09 ABORTION
Genesis 2:7 – Man is made
from dirt
7 Then the LORD God formed the man from the dust of the ground. He breathed the breath of life into the man’s nostrils. (NLT)
7 Then the LORD God formed the man from the dust of the ground. He breathed the breath of life into the man’s nostrils. (NLT)
John 10:10 – Satan comes to Steal, Kill and
Destroy
10 The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy; I have come that they may have life, and have it to the full. (NIV2011)
10 The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy; I have come that they may have life, and have it to the full. (NIV2011)
Four Fundamental questions of
Life
·
Evolutionist Answers to
life
1.
Who am I am; what am I worth? – Evolution says you are not worth much,
just some protoplasm that washed up on the beach.
2.
Where did I come from? We came from a cosmic burp some 4.5 billion
years ago.
3.
Why am I here? What is the purpose in life? There is no
purpose to life. – So if it feels good; go ahead and do it.
4. Where am I going when I
die? –
You are going to the grave and get recycled into a worm or a plant.
Last Call
·
If the Evolution story is
true,
then there is no creator and there is no purpose to life. – There is no right
and wrong. - Man is not a fallen creature therefore he does not need a Savior.
–There is no afterlife.
·
If the Creation story is
true,
there is a creator and there is a purpose to life – There is right and wrong -
Man is a fallen creature that needs a Savior. – There is an afterlife for
everyone – SOMEWHERE. – You get to pick where you spend eternity on this side
of life.
·
God says; Woe to them that lead
his children astray; those that teach evolution.
Matthew 18:6 - Woe to those that teach Evolution
6 “If anyone causes one of these little ones—those who believe in me—to stumble, it would be better for them to have a large millstone hung around their neck and to be drowned in the depths of the sea. (NIV2011)
6 “If anyone causes one of these little ones—those who believe in me—to stumble, it would be better for them to have a large millstone hung around their neck and to be drowned in the depths of the sea. (NIV2011)
Romans 1:21-31 – They neither glorified nor gave
thanks to God
21 For although they knew God, they neither glorified him as God nor gave thanks to him, but their thinking became futile and their foolish hearts were darkened.
22 Although they claimed to be wise, they became fools
23 and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images made to look like a mortal human being and birds and animals and reptiles.
24 Therefore God gave them over in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another.
25 They exchanged the truth about God for a lie, and worshiped and served created things rather than the Creator—who is forever praised. Amen.
26 Because of this, God gave them over to shameful lusts. Even their women exchanged natural sexual relations for unnatural ones.
27 In the same way the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were inflamed with lust for one another. Men committed shameful acts with other men, and received in themselves the due penalty for their error.
28 Furthermore, just as they did not think it worthwhile to retain the knowledge of God, so God gave them over to a depraved mind, so that they do what ought not to be done.
29 They have become filled with every kind of wickedness, evil, greed and depravity. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit and malice. They are gossips,
30 slanderers, God-haters, insolent, arrogant and boastful; they invent ways of doing evil; they disobey their parents;
31 they have no understanding, no fidelity, no love, no mercy. (NIV2011)
21 For although they knew God, they neither glorified him as God nor gave thanks to him, but their thinking became futile and their foolish hearts were darkened.
22 Although they claimed to be wise, they became fools
23 and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images made to look like a mortal human being and birds and animals and reptiles.
24 Therefore God gave them over in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another.
25 They exchanged the truth about God for a lie, and worshiped and served created things rather than the Creator—who is forever praised. Amen.
26 Because of this, God gave them over to shameful lusts. Even their women exchanged natural sexual relations for unnatural ones.
27 In the same way the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were inflamed with lust for one another. Men committed shameful acts with other men, and received in themselves the due penalty for their error.
28 Furthermore, just as they did not think it worthwhile to retain the knowledge of God, so God gave them over to a depraved mind, so that they do what ought not to be done.
29 They have become filled with every kind of wickedness, evil, greed and depravity. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit and malice. They are gossips,
30 slanderers, God-haters, insolent, arrogant and boastful; they invent ways of doing evil; they disobey their parents;
31 they have no understanding, no fidelity, no love, no mercy. (NIV2011)
Revelation 14:6-7 - Last call from the Creator God
to return.
6 Then I saw another angel flying in midair, and he
had the eternal gospel to proclaim to those who live on the earth—to every
nation, tribe, language and people.
7 He said in a loud voice, “Fear God and give him glory, because the hour of his judgment has come. Worship him who made the heavens, the earth, the sea and the springs of water.” (NIV2011)
7 He said in a loud voice, “Fear God and give him glory, because the hour of his judgment has come. Worship him who made the heavens, the earth, the sea and the springs of water.” (NIV2011)
Everyone
should do something for the Lord in life.
If
you don’t want to fight in the war,
then
at least carry the bullets.
In the multitude of counselors,
there is wisdom.
Proverbs 11:14
I
am grateful to those that went before me providing concepts, ideas, historical
information, and scripture verses.
Because of them I can stand on their shoulders and see further that I
otherwise ever could have.
Antiquities of the Jews- Flavius Josephus
Arithmetic of God; The – Don Kistler
101 Q&A on Demon Powers – Dr. Lester Sumrall
Creation
Seminar – Kent Hovind
Creation or Evolution – Lyle Albrecht
Dead Sea Scrolls -
English Standard Version
Bible – ESV
Harper’s Bible Dictionary – Harper & Row
Hell’s
Angels – David Jeremiah
Illustrated Bible Dictionary; The - Tyndale
Invisible
War; The – Donald Grey Barnhouse
Koinonia House
– Chuck Missler
Manners & Customs of Bible Lands – Fred H. Wight
New International Dictionary of the Bible; The – Douglas- Tenney
Red Heifer;
The – The Temple Institute
Victor Journey through the Bible; The – V. Gilbert Beers
Wikipedia
Witchcraft, puppets and Voodoo – Irene A. Park
Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible; The - Tenney
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